No, Oregon did not make all drugs legal. Through Measure 110, which voters passed in November 2020, Oregon became the first state to decriminalize the possession of small amounts of all drugs for personal use. Drug possession was reclassified from a criminal offense to a civil violation with a small fine. The measure also reallocated funds from drug arrests and incarceration toward addiction treatment, recovery services, and harm reduction programs.

However, the state has since walked back this policy. Facing criticism over delays in getting treatment funding to communities and a visible increase in public drug use and overdose deaths, the Oregon legislature recriminalized drug possession in March 2024 through House Bill 4002. The new law, which went into effect in September 2024, restores criminal penalties but offers an avenue for individuals to get into treatment instead of jail.