"I still don't fully understand what Schumer's role was in this debacle."

Sure, he voted 'No', but that was to cover his arse for not exerting the power at his disposal to block the others from going along with the Republicans. Chuckie Schumer presided over a meeting amongst the Dems before the vote and he knew they were going to vote yes but made no effort to dissuade them.That's what really pissed off the other members of the Democratic party establishment.

Congressman Ro Khanna was on Democracy Now earlier this morning expressing outrage & explaining what Schumer did. I agree with him.
FUCCC CHUCKIEEE SCHUMER.