Proofs of Evolution

Fossil Record:
Fossils provide a tangible record of past life, demonstrating the existence of extinct species and the gradual changes in organisms over time, showing how creatures evolved and how this process can be represented by a 'tree of life', showing that all species are related to each other.

Comparative Anatomy:
Similarities in the skeletal structures, organ systems, and developmental stages of different species, like homologous structures, suggest shared ancestry.

Molecular Biology:
The universality of DNA and the genetic code, along with the similarities in DNA sequences across species, strongly indicate a shared evolutionary history.

Biogeography:
The distribution of species across the globe provides evidence for evolution, as species in different areas evolve unique traits to adapt to their environments.

Direct Observation:
Scientists can observe evolutionary changes occurring in real-time, such as the evolution of antibiotic resistance in bacteria or the changes in beak shapes in Darwin's finches.

Embryology:
Similarities in the embryonic development of different species, like homologous features, provide evidence that the species are related through evolution.